Bench plane



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. E. GREENE. BENCH PLANE.

No. 439,061, Patented Oct. 21, 1890.

/Vinesses. -l'nvezzi'oz'z i Y 10W/@ @am (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. E. GREENE.

BENCH PLANE.

No. 489,061. Patented Oct. 21, 1890.

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JEROME E. GREENE, OF TOCCOA, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO JOHN MCJUNKIN, OF SAME PLACE.

BENCH-PLANE.

SPECIFICATION forming part oi Letters Patent No. 439,061, dated October 21, 1890.

Application filed November 30, 1889. Serial No. 332,142. (No model.)

"' simple and durable devices for adjusting and holding the bit, that can be quickly and conveniently operated; and it consists in the mattershereinafter described and pointedout.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical longitudinal section on line a b. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a roller, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a detail. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a corrugated roller. Fig. 5 is a partial section on line c d of Fig. l, and Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal section near one side of the plane.

The body of the plane is preferably made of metal having the side and bottom cast in one piece.

A cross-piece 1, situated j ustbehind lche location for the bit, maybe castwith the other parts, and also tWowedge-shaped pieces 2,0ne on each side. Ahandle, which may be secured to the bodyin any convenient manner, is denotedby 3. In the present instance the handle is provided in its lower end with an undercut recess, which engagesa suitable lug on the planebody and is then fastened in such position by a screw, as indicated in Fig. 1. A bit is indicated by 4. It is placed on the inclined front side of the support 1 and beneath the side part-s 2. The latter at their lowerextremities are reduced to a thin edge and receive above them a cap or plate 5, which is conveniently secured to the parts 2 by screws. The part 1 strengthens the plane-body. It also supports the bit at its lower part in a horizontal direction, the slipping of the bit in an approximately vertical direction being prevented by a locking or clamping device which forces the bit against suitable bearings. The spring 5 is made sufficiently strong to force the lower 5o end of the bit upon said support 1.

The bit is locked in any desired position by means of an eccentric 6, journaled in any suitable manner, as by securing-boxes 7, having bearings for a rod, bar, or pin 8 tothe sides 5 5 of the plane-body- These bearings are open on the side toward the bit, as indicated in in Fig. 1, and permit the rod 8 with the cam to be inserted or removed when desired by suitably turning them and taking out the bit, 6o if necessary. A handle 9 affords means for suitably moving the eccentric, the bit being released by raising the handle, and gripped or locked by lowering it. y

The cap 5 can be made of spring metal, and 65 being prolonged beyond the bearings 2 and bent down upon the bit, as shown, will -produce a spring-pressure upon the same. To relieve this tension, the spring-plate is released by loosening its retaining-screws.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the cap is in close contact with its supports 2 throughout the entire length of the latter. It is obvious that if the cap is of suitable curved form and the compression applied by means of the screws is just sufficient to bend it down upon supports 2 they will appear as represented in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 6 an enlarged view is shown, indicatin g a small space between the cap and support, which could not be well indicated in Fig. 1. The cap at its lower end has a knife-edge, it being essential that it have a closely-fitted bearing on the bit. By the described construction the fastening together of a bit and its cap in manner heretofore practiced is avoided and thebit can be independently removed or inserted in the plane, and the adjustment of the bit to the cap requires no special attention, for the reason that the cap is permanently fixed in its proper position and the proper adjustment of the bit with reference to the bottom of the plane necessarily secures a suitable adjustment with respect to the cap. Y

In front of the bit is arranged a roller 10, which is preferably corrugated and is provided With circumferential shoulders 11,form ing recesses adapting it to receive springs 12 side of the plane.

and be supported thereby. These springs are .secured to the body of the plane-one near each side-in any convenient manner, as by screws 13, and a block or saddle 14, having bearings 15, rests upon the reduced ends of the roller immediately above the springs, and the roller is thus sustained between the springs and the bearing-blocks. It can be adjusted vertically to the extent of the resiliency of the springs by means of the screw 16, working through a cross-bar 17 secured in the By running the screw 1G up or down the vertical position of the roller is varied and also its distance from the bit. The bit can in this manner be set according to the nature of the wood or material upon which it is used and the kind of Work to be done.

I am aware that rollers have been used in connection with plane-bits, and also devices for adjusting the bit and clamping it from the rear side thereof, and I do not broadly claim such features. I have, however, simpliiied prior constructions and added to the efciency of the tool. It will be noted that parts 1 and 2 are cast solid with the body of the plane, and that the spring-plate bears upon the bit at both ends against the action of a simple cam, which latter is so arranged and supported that it is held in its bearings by the bit and can readily be inserted or removed by removing said bit. The structure is quite simple and the parts easily assembled and regulated, and the bit is held very ment holding the roller adjustable against the action of the springs.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent isy 1. In a bench-plane, the combination of the transverse part l, having a rearwardly-inclined front, the wedge-shaped side parts 2, said parts 1 and 2 being cast solid with the body of the plane, with the bit and the eccentric having journals supported in boxes 7, fixed to the sides of the plane, adapted to press the bit against the bottom of the side pieces, substantially as set forth.

2. In a bench-plane, the combination ofthe transverse part 1, having the inclined front, the wedge-shaped side pieces 2, the bit, the cap iixed upon said side pieces and pressing upon the bit at both its ends, and the eccentric having journals supported in boxes 7, xed to the sides of the plane, with a handle adapted to press the bit against the bottom of the side pieces and against the cap, substantially as set forth.

3. In a bench-plane, the combination of the bit with a roller, springs secured in the bottorn of the plane forsupporting the said roller near the edge of the bit, and means for pressing the roller upon its spring-supports, substantially as set forth. A

4:. In a bench-plane, the combination of the bit, the recessed roller, springs extending into the recesses to support the roller, bearing-blocks resting in said recesses upon the upper side of said roller, and an adjustingscrew for varying the pressure of the bearing-blocks upon the roller, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JEROME E. GREENE.

Iitnessesz JOHN MOJUNKIN, E. I. SIMPSON. 

